Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin condition in which skin cells reproduce themselves too quickly and cause a buildup. If you have psoriasis, you may notice flaky patches on your skin that can form a scale-like appearance.
Our body typically replaces skin cells every 3–4 weeks, but in people with psoriasis, this usually happens in 3–7 days.
Treatment types
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Psoriasis treatments aim to improve symptoms and discomfort. The recommended treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the area it affects.
Doctors divide psoriasis into treatment three categories:
- topical, such as creams and ointments
- systemic, including injections and oral medications
- phototherapy
Your doctor can recommend the most effective treatment plan for your condition.
Topical treatments and side effects
Doctors usually recommend topical therapy for mild psoriasis. Topical treatments may include:
Name | Uses | Side effects |
---|---|---|
Anthralin | • raised, scaly skin patches, known as plaques | • skin irritation • skin staining |
Coal tar | • plaque psoriasis • itch • difficult to treat palm and sole psoriasis • can use with dressings • doctors may use it alongside UVB light therapy | • skin staining • skin odor • irritation • contact dermatitis • stinging • folliculitis |
Salicylic acid | • removes excess skin • increases hydration Doctors may also recommend using salicylic acid after phototherapy as it blocks UV light. | • systemic intoxication • headaches • nausea • vomiting • tinnitus • burning sensation in mouth |
Topical retinoids such as tazarotene | • plaque psoriasis • nail psoriasis You should not use topical products such as tazarotene on sensitive areas like the face or genitals. | • localized irritation Doctors advise against using tazarotene during pregnancy. |
Topical corticosteroids | • psoriasis management at all stages The recommended strength depends on which area needs treatment and the severity. | • blood vessel dilation and rupture near the skin’s surface • stretch marks • hyperglycemia (long-term use only) |
Vitamin D analogs (calcipotriene, calcitriol, tacalcitol) | • nail psoriasis • plaque psoriasis • chronic plaque psoriasis | • localized irritation • high calcium levels in blood (hypercalcemia) • high calcium levels in urine (hypercalciuria) • irregular calcium levels (parathyroid hormone suppression) |
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