Bactrim is an antibiotic that kills bacteria in the body that cause illness. It comes in multiple forms, including:
- oral tablets
- double-strength (DS) oral tablets
- oral liquid
- injection
Bactrim is a brand-name drug. It’s also available in a generic version called sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. You’ll need a prescription from your doctor for Bactrim. It’s not available over the counter.
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Is Bactrim a serious antibiotic?
While Bactrim is a serious antibiotic and drug combination, it is not the most potent antibiotic available.
It is not possible to name the strongest or most potent antibiotic available. This is because the power or strength of an antibiotic is measured by how well it kills certain types of bacteria. Certain classes of antibiotics are more effective than others against different kinds of bacteria. The power of an antibiotic depends on the specific bacterial infection you are treating.
However, Bactrim is a combination antibiotic, which means it combines two different drugs — sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim — that work together to kill bacteria.
Bactrim works quickly and can be effective within a few hours of taking it. Because of this, you may start to feel relief from symptoms of infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) or ear infections within a few days. But it may take a few weeks to feel improvement from more serious infections like pneumonia.
Even if you start to feel better within a few days, it’s important to finish the course of medication. This helps ensure that the infection does not come back. Be sure to follow the Bactrim dosage instructions your doctor gives you.
What is Bactrim used for?
Bactrim is used to treat the following types of infections:
- UTIs caused by certain bacteria in adults and in children ages 2 months and older
- short-term middle ear infection caused by certain bacteria in children ages 2 months and older
- chronic bronchitis in adults that suddenly gets worse due to certain bacteria
- traveler’s diarrhea in adults
- shigellosis (a type of dysentery infection) caused by certain bacteria in adults and in children ages 2 months and older
- pneumocystis pneumonia (a type of lung infection) in adults and in children ages 2 months and older
Can Bactrim treat STDs?
It is possible, but Bactrim has not been approved for treating sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
However, doctors may still prescribe Bactrim or Bactrim DS off-label for these uses. With off-label use, doctors prescribe a drug for a purpose other than what it’s approved for.
If you think you have an STI, it’s important to talk with your doctor. They can help identify the specific infection and recommend the safest and most effective treatment.

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Get free cardHow long does it take Bactrim to clear an infection?
Bactrim starts working to kill bacteria as soon as you take your first dose.
For most infections, Bactrim is prescribed for 5 to 14 days. Depending on the severity of your infection, you may start feeling better after the first couple of days, or it may take a bit longer.
It’s important to finish the full course of Bactrim prescribed for you, even if you feel better in just a few days. Your symptoms may have gone away, but there may still be bacteria in your body. If you don’t take Bactrim long enough to kill all the bacteria, your infection could return, or the bacteria could become resistant to the antibiotic and harder to treat.
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Summary
Bactrim is a relatively strong antibiotic that combines sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. They work together to kill bacteria that cause illness.
Bactrim is commonly used to treat bacterial infections such as UTIs, ear infections, and traveler’s diarrhea. It typically starts working within a few hours of taking it and usually clears an infection in around 5 to 14 days.
Talk with your doctor if you have any questions about Bactrim, you’re experiencing side effects, or feel like you need a stronger antibiotic to treat your infection.