Arthritis is a common medical condition characterized by inflammation in the joints. This leads to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility. It affects people of all ages, and the most common forms include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout.
While there is no cure for arthritis, many effective options — from arthritis medication and exercise to alternative therapies — can help relieve arthritis pain and inflammation.
What works for one person won’t always work for another. You might consider trying a few of the options below to find the remedies that work best for you and your lifestyle. Note that the following list is in no particular order.
1. Medications for pain and inflammation
NoSystem images/Getty Images
Several types of medications can help relieve arthritis pain, including:
NSAIDs work by blocking the production of prostaglandins, which are substances that cause pain and inflammation. You can take them orally or apply them topically to the affected joint. A topical formulation called diclofenac is available in the United States as a gel, liquid, and patch.
According to the Arthritis Foundation, topical NSAIDs may be especially effective on small joints, such as the hands, knees, ankles, and elbows. Topical options have a lower risk of side effects than oral NSAIDs.
100% online care
Treatment plans in 15 minutes or less for 40+ conditions.
Corticosteroids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that can quickly relieve pain and reduce inflammation. You can take these drugs orally, inject them directly into the affected joint, or take them intravenously for severe pain.
Chloroquine is an antimalarial drug used to treat various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis.
Research suggests chloroquine has anti-inflammatory effects, so it can help reduce pain and inflammation caused by arthritis.
If you need help covering the cost of medications, Optum Perks free Discount Card could help you save up to 80% on prescription drugs. Follow the links on drug names for savings on that medication, or search for a specific drug here.
2. Physical therapy
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that physical therapy and gentle exercises can help improve joint mobility and reduce pain. Options include walking, swimming, and yoga.
Strengthening exercises, such as weightlifting and resistance training, can also help improve joint health while reducing pain and inflammation.
A physical therapist can develop a personalized exercise plan tailored to your specific needs and condition.
3. Arthritis supplements
According to a 2018 review, supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin can reduce joint pain and protect the cartilage in your joints.
However, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness. Talking with your doctor before starting any new supplement regimen is important, as they may interact with other medications.
Free prescription coupons
Seriously … free. Explore prices that beat the competition 70% of the time.
Applying hot or cold compresses to the affected joints can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
Hot therapy, such as warm baths or heat packs, can relax tight muscles and improve blood flow. Cold therapy, such as ice packs, can help reduce swelling and numb joint pain.
5. Assistive devices
Using assistive devices can reduce stress on your joints and reduce pain. A physical therapist can help you determine which devices may be best for you.
Mobility aids that can help with arthritis joint pain include:
canes
crutches
braces
6. Acupuncture
This practice in Traditional Chinese medicine involves inserting needles into specific points on the body to relieve pain and improve function. Research, including a 2020 study, shows that acupuncture can effectively reduce arthritis pain, improve joint mobility, and reduce inflammation.
7. Weight management
Excess weight places additional strain on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and hips, which can worsen arthritis symptoms. Managing your weight can reduce the stress on these joints and help relieve pain.
8. Topical creams
You can apply creams to the skin to help relieve joint pain. Creams that contain the following ingredients can help:
capsaicin
menthol
methyl salicylate
Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, works by reducing the levels of substance P, which is responsible for transmitting pain signals to the brain.
9. Herbs and spices
Certain spices can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain associated with arthritis. Herbs and spices for arthritis include:
Ginger and turmeric contain anti-inflammatory compounds that can help reduce swelling and improve joint function. Willow bark, the natural source of salicylic acid, can also help relieve pain.
According to a 2020 review, some of these herbs and spices have been used in complementary medicine for thousands of years. The researchers say garlic, ginger, cinnamon, and saffron supplements are associated with reduced rheumatoid arthritis activity.
10. A nutritious diet
Research, including a 2021 study, says that eating a diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, can help reduce inflammation and relieve arthritis pain.
Massage therapy can be performed by a licensed massage therapist or at home using a foam roller or massage ball.
When to see a doctor
While there are many effective treatments for arthritis pain, It is important to talk with your doctor to find the best solution for your needs and to avoid any treatments that may interact with other medications or health conditions.
You may want to see a doctor if you experience any of the following:
persistent pain
increased joint pain or pain spreading to new joints
limited mobility, meaning you have trouble performing your daily activities due to arthritis pain
swelling and stiffness
redness and warmth in your joints, as these may be signs of infection
changes in joint shape
Summary
Arthritis is a common condition characterized by pain and inflammation in the joints.
There are many treatment options for arthritis pain, including medications, supplements, hot and cold therapy, and massage.
If you’re having persistent pain or side effects from medication, it is important to see a doctor for a proper evaluation and treatment plan. Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of arthritis and improve joint health.
Rainsford KD, et al. (2015). Therapy and pharmacological properties of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and related diseases. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26246395/
